Diplomatic Developments
Russia's Outreach: Russia has been expanding its influence in Africa, notably through economic cooperation with Guinea-Bissau, including debt forgiveness and investment in various sectors such as mineral resources and agriculture. Russia aims to strengthen its presence in key Atlantic and regional shipping corridors, leveraging ports in countries like Cameroon and potential new alliances with coastal nations (Institute for the Study of War, 2024).
India and Türkiye's Expansion: Both India and Türkiye have significantly increased their diplomatic footprints in Africa, reflecting their growing economic and strategic interests. India has opened several new diplomatic posts across the continent, focusing on building robust economic ties, while Türkiye has expanded its network to enhance its regional influence (Lowy Institute, 2024).
South African Diplomacy: South Africa's foreign policy has been marked by a mix of traditional alliances and new ties with countries that were previously adversaries. This includes maintaining relations with Western countries while also engaging with nations like Iran and Cuba. South Africa's recent move to take Israel to the International Court of Justice has positioned it as a vocal advocate for global justice, albeit with some foreign policy contradictions (Diplo Resource, 2024; ISS Africa, 2024).